Morning Report: Gen X hit hardest by the Great Recession

Vital Statistics:

			Last	Change
S&P futures			2733	19.7
Eurostoxx index			382.97	2.89
Oil (WTI)			74.32	0.2
10 Year Government Bond Yield				2.85%
30 Year fixed rate mortgage				4.54%

Stocks are higher this morning on rumors that the Trump Administration is dialing back its plans for tariffs on European autos. Bonds and MBS are flat.

The minutes from the June FOMC meeting are coming out at 2:00 pm today. Be careful locking around then since they could be market-moving. 

The service economy continues to plow ahead, according to the ISM Non-Manufacturing Survey. Higher input prices, tariffs, and labor shortages are the biggest worries. Trucking shortgages are increasing prices, and that has the potential to push up inflation since it touches just about every business, at least indirectly. 

The economy added 177,000 jobs last month according to the ADP Survey. This was a touch below street estimates. Note that ADP numbers have generally been higher than the government's for the past several months. The Street is looking for 191,000 jobs in tomorrow's payroll report. While the payroll number will be important, for the bond market, it will all come down to the average hourly earnings number. 

Initial Jobless Claims ticked up to 231,000 last week. Separately, outplacement firm Challenger, Gray and Christmas noted there were 37,000 announced job cuts in May. 

Tariffs on about $34 billion worth of Chinese exports are set to go into effect tomorrow. Beijing has announced it will retaliate with more tariffs the "instant it goes into effect." Trade fears have been weighing on the stock market, and we are seeing some effects in commodity prices. Today's minutes will probably discuss the issue at length. On one hand, this trade war is pushing up commodity prices, which is inflationary and should encourage the Fed to lean hawkish, at least at the margin. On the other hand, trade wars are an economic drag, which should encourage more dovishness. The Fed generally considers commodity inflation to be transitory, so on net trade wars should encourage dovishness, at least at the margin. 

Oil prices have been a problem for while now, as WTI crude now trades close to $75 a barrel. Oil prices have been rising due to Venezuela issues and pressure on Europe to not buy Iranian oil. Trump tweeted that OPEC should increase production, which caused Saudi Arabia to announce it would increase output and Iran to announce that his pressure on them have added about $10 to the price of oil in the first place.  At the end of the day however these issues affect North Sea Brent prices, which really only matter to East Coast refineries. The rest of the country uses US domestic oil. Higher gas prices do make consumers surly and the Administration wants to see them down ahead of midterms this fall. 

Here are the hottest real estate markets in June, according to Realtor.com. Note it isn't the names you would think. 

Interesting chart in today's Journal about which breaks down the labor force participation rate by age cohort. The press keeps harping on the job market for entry level workers (essentially the Millennial Generation) however if you look at the labor force participation rate for that cohort, it is lower than the year 2000, but not by much. Nor is the problem the 55+ cohort (baby boomers). They are close to all-time highs. It is Gen X that is the issue - their cohort peaked around 83% in 2000 and now is closer to 80%. It is this generation that was hit hardest by the Great Recession (nailed right during the peak earnings years) and has yet to recover. 

Morning Report: US home value more than 1.5x GDP

Vital Statistics:

	Last	Change
S&P Futures	2694.8	9.0
Eurostoxx Index	389.7	0.2
Oil (WTI)	60.1	0.2
US dollar index	86.0	-0.3
10 Year Govt Bond Yield	2.43%
Current Coupon Fannie Mae TBA	102.375
Current Coupon Ginnie Mae TBA	103.25
30 Year Fixed Rate Mortgage	3.97

Stocks are up on the last trading day of the year. Bonds and MBS are flat.

Yet another slow news day. 

Should be a dull day for bonds as the market closes at 2:00 pm EST. There is no economic data or Fed-speak either. 

Oil has topped $60 a barrel, which is higher than it has been for the past 3 years, but is pretty low in the grand scheme of things. It is something to watch, however as oil prices are a drag on the economy when they get too high. The US has so much capacity however that whenever prices rise, additional supply can come on line in a hurry. The US is pretty much insulated from OPEC any more. 

What is the value of all US homes in the US? Almost $32 trillion, or more than 1.5x US GDP.  Over the past year, they have increased in value by almost $2 trillion. This increase is more than 3x the rate of inflation. 

As inflation rises, we should expect to see US bond yields rise. That said, global sovereign bond markets do influence each other, and the spread between US Treasuries and German Bunds has risen to more than 2%. Relative value trading (i.e. investors swapping out of more expensive German bonds into cheaper US Treasuries) should act as a bit of a drag on US interest rates. The bigger question will be whether global growth pulls up Euro yields or whether the US yield curve continues to flatten. 

See you all in the new year!

Morning Report: inflation returning to the Fed's target

Vital Statistics:

	Last	Change	Percent
S&P Futures	1910.0	-6.6	-0.34%
Eurostoxx Index	2867.6	-27.6	-0.95%
Oil (WTI)	30.09	-0.7	-2.21%
LIBOR	0.619	0.001	0.19%
US Dollar Index (DXY)	96.93	-0.019	-0.02%
10 Year Govt Bond Yield	1.77%	0.03%
Current Coupon Ginnie Mae TBA	105.3
Current Coupon Fannie Mae TBA	104.8
BankRate 30 Year Fixed Rate Mortgage	3.68

Markets are lower this morning on no real news. Bonds and MBS are down.

Real Average weekly earnings increased 1.2% in January.

Inflation at the consumer level was flat month-over-month and up 0.3% YOY. Ex food and energy, it was up 2.2%, which is the highest level since June of 2012. This would indicate the Fed is actually getting there as far as its inflation target. That said, the Fed prefers to use the Personal Consumption Expenditure index, which is still below their target.

Chart: YOY inflation, ex-food and energy:

Good explanation of why the markets and the price of oil have become positively correlated. Old timers might remember back when an increasing oil price was a bad thing. Punch line: the banks have a lot of exposure to the energy patch and are lugging debt that made sense at $60 a barrel, but not at $30. That said, energy companies have issued $5 billion in equity secondary offerings this year, which is a surprise. The appetite is there, at least for some investors. 

The thinking behind negative interest rates, explained. European economists give their take on it. Basically they work well in smaller. open economies as a lever to manipulate foreign exchange rates, but they aren't all that effective for larger economies which are trying to boost inflation and growth. In other words, they might work for Denmark, but probably won't do much good here. Japan recently went negative, so that will be a good test of that theory.

Housing affordability is getting a little better as rates fall. Unsurprisingly, the Rust Belt and the Northeast are the most affordable, while California remains the worst. Note San Francisco is proposing transfer taxes for luxury properties in order to address affordability. Between rich tech workers and Chinese investors, property prices in San Francisco are sky-high. 

There is legislation afoot to eliminate the caps on VA loans, which will make them much more popular in high cost areas. Basically it will become a no money down jumbo. It has passed the House, and the prospects are good in the Senate and the WH.